Autonomy or Jidoka is the ability for an operation to stop automatically when a defect is identified: the autonomy prevents therefore the defects from multiplying along the process.
By extension, team autonomy represents the moment when the members have autonomy available making it possible for them to interrupt their work to immediately analyze a problem and resolve it for a long time.
A training module particularly dedicated to this is: Jidoka and Auto-quality: discover a pillar of TPS and the means of auto-quality.